syllogism

A form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from two given premises (e.g., All men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore Socrates is mortal).

• syllogistic/ˌsɪləˈdʒɪstɪk/(adj)三段论的

• classic syllogism
• valid syllogism
• Aristotelian syllogism
• syllogistic reasoning

1. 1."All birds can fly; penguins are birds; therefore penguins can fly" is a syllogism with a false premise. (logical deduction)
2. 2.Legal arguments often take a syllogistic form: law + facts = conclusion. (formal reasoning)

• deduction/dɪˈdʌkʃən/— reasoning from general to specific
• inference/ˈɪnfərəns/— conclusion from evidence
• argument/ˈɑːɡjʊmənt/— logical reasoning

from Greek "syllogismos" — syn- (together) + logizesthai (to reason) — "logos" = reason — reasoning things together