empiricism

The philosophical theory that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience, not from innate ideas or pure reason.

• empiricist/ɪmˈpɪrɪsɪst/(n)经验主义者
• empirical/ɪmˈpɪrɪkəl/(adj)经验的/实证的
• empirically/ɪmˈpɪrɪkli/(adv)以经验为基础地

• British empiricism
• radical empiricism
• empirical evidence
• empirical method

1. 1.Locke's empiricism proposed that the mind begins as a "tabula rasa" — a blank slate written on by experience. (experience-based philosophy)
2. 2.Modern science is fundamentally rooted in empiricism: claims must be supported by observable evidence. (evidence-based approach)

• positivism/ˈpɒzɪtɪvɪzəm/— knowledge only from scientifically verifiable experience
• experimentalism— emphasis on experiment — narrower

from Greek "empeiria" (experience) — from "en" (in) + "peira" (trial, experiment) — knowledge gained through trial