lien

A legal right or claim against a property by a creditor, allowing them to keep or sell it to satisfy a debt if the owner fails to pay.

• lienholder(n)留置权人

• place a lien
• tax lien
• mechanic's lien
• lien on property
• release a lien
• lien holder

1. 1.The bank holds a lien on your house until you pay off the mortgage — if you default, the lien gives them the right to foreclose. (security interest in property)
2. 2.A mechanic's lien allows contractors to claim against a property if the owner doesn't pay for construction work performed. (unpaid work claim)

• encumbrance/ɪnˈkʌmbrəns/— a claim or charge against property
• charge/tʃɑːrdʒ/— a financial claim on property
• security interest (legal right in collateral)

from Old French "lien" (bond, tie) — from Latin "ligamen" (a band) — from "ligare" (to bind) — a legal bond tying property to a debt