chronic

Bridgezipf 4.20

Pronunciation

/ˈkrɒnɪk/(KRON-ik)

Part of speech

adjectiveneutral

Chinese

慢性的；长期的（强调持续存在、难以根除）

Definition

(of a disease or condition) persisting for a long time; (of a problem) long-lasting and difficult to solve.

Word family

  • chronically/ˈkrɒnɪkli/(adv)长期地

Collocations

  • chronic pain
  • chronic illness
  • chronic shortage
  • chronic problem
  • chronic stress

Examples

  1. 1.Chronic sleep deprivation impairs memory, judgment, and immune function. (medical)
  2. 2.The city suffers from chronic underinvestment in public transport. (persistent problem)

Synonyms

  • persistent/pəˈsɪstənt/— continuing without interruption
  • long-standing— existing for a long time
  • endemic/ɛnˈdɛmɪk/— regularly found in a particular area or group

Etymology

from Greek "khronikos" (of time) — "khronos" (time)