presume

To suppose something to be true without proof; to take for granted; to dare to do something without proper authority.

• presumption/prɪˈzʌmpʃən/(n)假定
• presumptuous/prɪˈzʌmptʃuəs/(adj)冒昧的
• presumably/prɪˈzjuːməbli/(adv)大概

• presume to
• presumed dead
• presume innocence
• presumably so
• presumptuous of

1. 1.In the legal system, a defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty. (assumed to be true)
2. 2.I wouldn't presume to tell you how to run your business, but the numbers suggest a problem. (dare to)

• assume/əˈsjuːm/— to take for granted — very close
• suppose/səˈpoʊz/— to think likely
• surmise/sərˈmaɪz/— to guess without evidence — more tentative

from Latin "praesumere" (to take before, to anticipate) — prae- (before) + sumere (to take)